The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of children``s temperament and mothers`` reactions to negative emotions on the children``s emotional regulation. The participants were 413 mothers of 4 to 6-year-old children. Cronbach``s α, correlation analysis and hierarchical regression analyses were conducted using SPSS 22.0. The results of this study were as follows: First, the mothers’ reactions to negative emotions had a separate influence on children``s emotional regulation besides children``s temperament. Second, problem-focused responses and punitive responses had a common effect on children``s emotional regulation. This study verified the effects of children``s temperament and mothers`` reactions to negative emotions on the children``s emotional regulation, and it found out that mothers`` reactions to negative emotions had an independent influence on children``s emotional regulation.