This review article has been prepared for dance-majored persons to explain the physiological importance of vitamin D. For this purpose, the characteristics of vitamin D, the relation between Ultraviolet B(UVB) and vitamin D, the metabolism of vitamin D, the effects of vitamin D on the musculoskeletal system and exercise-performance are systematically discussed. Vitamin D increases the size and number of Type II muscle fiber and the level of 25-hydroxyvitamin D3, 25(OH)D, which are directly correlated to musculoskeletal performance. Thus exercise-performance are strongly influenced by the blood level of vitamin D and 25(OH)D. From the results, some idea has been suggested for improving danceperformance.