We had National Science exhibitions (July 16, 1969 the prime minister order, number 70) from 1957 (the third) to 1985 (the 31th) in every year for the promotion of science and technology and making scientific civil life. In this study, 2001 exhibits which were put on the exhibitions in the section of Biology are classified per five years and analyzed into the number of exhibits and prize with the distinction of contents, objects, and sections. Through above mentioned process, the results of this study are as follows; 1. The contents of exhibits; The most major exhibits are in ecology of basic science (45.5%), the second is morphology and taxonomy (17.6%), the third is physiology (11.0%), the forth is heredity and variation (1.4%), and others (teaching material and tools, models......, 15.9%). 2. The contents of exhibits in chronological order: In 1950`s, the exhibits are almost in the division of morphology and taxonomy (47.9%). After 1960 these are almost in ecology continually. The numbers of prizes are proportional to the numbers of exhibits and occupied in ecology (50.2%). 3. Exhibitors: The proportion of teacher`s exhibits (47.6%) is similar to the student`s (47.3%) and there were few common people`s, In 1950`s, the student exhibits occupied the most part but in 1960`s, the teacher`s increased in number gradually. Since the latter half of 1970`s, there is a tendency to the increase of the student`s exhibits and to the decrease of the teacher`s. 4. The school of exhibits: In the student`s exhibits, the order is elementary (47.3%), high (30.3%) and middle school (22.4%). The number, f exhibits in elementary school increased but in middle and high school decreased. I think that this is causal by tax which students have for entrance into the school of higher grade. Also the teacher`s exhibits were occupied almost in elementary school and middle school`s are the least of all. 5. The exhibits in distinction of sections; The first is physics section (40.0%) and the second is biology section (30.5%). Comparing the number of exhibits with the prizes the exhibits are the most in physics and the prizes are the mast in biology. But the proportion of prize to total numbers of exhibits numbers is similar in two sections. 6. The transition of policy of the national science exhibition: It changed largely in connection with development of science, and transition of education curriculum and national policy. The sponsors and the supervisors of the exhibitions were changed, and the exhibitions have been specialized and systematized gradually.