環境保護是中國政府一貫堅持的基本國策之一，更是地方政府不可推사的責任。진管如此，中國的現實是政府決策不當或行政失靈被認爲是中國環境오染嚴重的最爲直接和最具作用力的因素之一。現實中，相當多的環境問題根源于地方政府長期以來的經濟增長導向。在經濟利益導向之下，在環境決策與行政執行過程中由于有意无意或難以克服的環境不確定性因素造成的各類近視眼式的短期行爲導致了如今的環境行政失靈甚至環境오染惡化。本文通國對地方政府環境行政特征及環境責任困境的原因分析，探討幷展望提高地方政府環境行政效率和環境責任感的可實現途徑。首先探討了中國環境境行政規制的總體情況，其次考察了環境問題的特征以及中國國內外學者對環境行政的理論與硏究，再次從地方政府作爲環境責任的主體如何執行環境政策方面着手，主要對中央政府、地方政府與環境保護部門、地方政府的環境投資等角度進行分析，檢討了中國環境行政責任失靈的原因到底在何處，最后提出有關政策建議。地方政府的環境行政失靈表明，緊緊依고傳統的經濟增長方式已經使中國的經濟面臨着發展的"병頸"，而傳統的發展模式向技術進步，結構轉型轉換是時代的需求和黨務之急。由于環境資源的公共性與外部性，更由于地方政府的利益趨向與環境行政責不明確、地方政府跨區域信息不對稱、環境意識尙不간不上經濟發展等原因，地方政府的環境境行政出現失靈，亦卽地方政府在環境治理活動中, 不能有效地通過其制定的各種環境保護政策和法律法規措施來改善地區環境質量和保護地區環境資源，진管需要增加環境投資但環境投資市場也出現了失靈現象。

Local government environmental responsibility is defined as responsibilities of local government and its employees on its role in environmental protections and to bear the adverse consequences in failure to perform corresponding duties appropriately. Environmentalproblems have become an increasing general concern, which reflects the ineffectiveperforming of local government``s duties on environment protection. And in this “governmentfailure”, the local government``s incomplete responsibility is the most fundamental issues. Constrained local government action relatively less in current environmental laws and regulations, laws about local government environment responsibility less, only a few more and principles, specific content about local government environment responsibility. Environmental responsibility of the oversight mechanisms, penalty mechanism to fails to fulfill environmental responsibility. The current environmental protection policies of China did not make specific practical rules, this thesis studies, under the existing environmental legislation, which aspects the local government should further improve. And through analysis the defects of local government environment responsibility in existing environmental laws and policies, proposed specific ideas about consummate local government environment responsibility. The environmental protection responsibilities of illegal or inappropriate behavior responsibility shall be investigated for administrative system. Its purpose lies in the adjustment of government environmental responsibility accountability legal relations, standardize the government environmental responsibility accountability activity, improve the efficiency of government environmental responsibility accountability. This article focuses on government environmental responsibility, such as lack of accountability subject, accountability object unclear, incomplete accountability procedures, accountability, narrow and from consciousness. In view of the problem of government environmental responsibility system of China put forward the corresponding countermeasures of perfecting China``s environmental responsibility system.