PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relationship between cardiorespiratory fitness and depressive symptom in Korean women. METHODS: The participants of the study was women aged 20-64 yr (n=639) who participated in the 2014 Korea Institute of Sports Science Fitness (KISS Fit) study. Maximal oxygen uptake was measured using a maximal graded exercise testing. Depressive symptom was assessed using Beck Depression Inventory (BDI). The participants were classified as low, intermediate and high fitness levels. Logistic regression models were used to test the association between fitness and depressive symptom. RESULTS: The prevalence of the depressive symptom defined by BDI score in this study was 13.4%. Fitness levels were significantly reduced in the participants with the depressive symptom (p=.002) compared to the ones without the depressive symptom. After controlling for age, body mass index, and house income, participants with low fitness level showed higher level of depressive symptom than the ones with medium and high fitness level (p<.001). Women with intermediate and high fitness level had 60% and 62% lower odds for depressive symptom, respectively, than the ones with low fitness level after adjustment for age, hypertension, dyslipidemia, heart disease, alcohol intake, smoking, body mass index, percent body fat, physical activity level and income. CONCLUSIONS: These results demonstrate that fitness is independently associated with the depressive symptom in women. Cardiorespiratory fitness might be utilized as an important component to prevent depressive symptom in women.