Dermatological surgeons must have an in-depth understanding of the regional head and neck anatomy to achieve good surgical outcomes and avoid complications related to procedures. Ideal cosmetic procedures such as botulinum toxin and filler injections and surgical procedures (skin biopsy, excision, etc) are possible based on in-depth knowledge of head and neck anatomy. The anatomy of the head and neck is complex. There are cosmetic boundaries, which should be preserved as much as possible and remove additional tissue to place incisions at the junction of cosmetic unit during facial surgery to minimize the distortion of face. There are several danger zones in the head and neck area where the nerves or arteries travel more superficially. It is important to recognize the danger zones to minimize the risks of arterial bleeding (the frontal branch of temporal artery at the temple, the facial artery as it crosses the mandibular rim, the angular artery as it courses near the nose) and nerve transaction (the temporal branch of the facial nerve, the spinal accessory nerve in the posterior triangle of the neck, the marginal mandibular nerve as it courses in the neck below the mandible) , and preserve the cosmetic units of the face during surgery. The surgical risk of injury to nerves or other relevant anatomic structures should be discussed with the patient preoperatively, and informed written consent should be obtained. In addition, we should be aware of where to perform nerve blocks (supraorbital, infraorbital, and mental nerve foramina). This lecture will discuss how to identify the anatomical danger zones in the head and neck area and how to apply knowledge of head and neck anatomy in dermatologic surgical procedures.