Introduction: Bronchobiliary fi stula (BBF) usually occurs either in the congenital form or following thoracoabdominal trauma. However, it can also occur as a rare complication of diseases of biliary tract. Herein, we report the case of a 53-year-old man with acquired, non-traumatic BBF, treated with lipiodol embolization. Case: A 53-year-old man visited our hospital with fever, cough, and brownish sputum for 2 months. One year ago, he was diagnosed with hepatocellular carcinoma, and received transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) 5 months ago. After procedure, multiple hepatic abscesses and biloma developed. Multiple abscess drain tube and percutaneous transbiliary gall bladder drain (PTBD) tube were inserted and he was treated with antibiotics for a month. He was readmitted 3 months after his discharge with biloptysis. Laboratory data showed leukocytosis with an elevated C-reactive protein (10 mg/dL). Chest X-ray demonstrated peribronchial infi ltration in the right lower lung fi eld and chest computed tomography (CT) revealed a consolidation in right lower lobe with sub-diaphragmatic abscess. Antibiotics started and drain tube for sub-diaphragmatic abscess was inserted and PTBD tube was changed. However, his symptoms and pneumonic infi ltration on chest x-ray was not improved. We performed a tubogram which showed dilated bile duct and a fi stulous communication with the right bronchial tree. He was diagnosed as BBF and lipiodol embolization was performed successfully. His symptoms and pneumonic infi ltration on chest x-ray was improved, and was discharged on the 18th post-procedure day. Discussion: BBF in adults is a rare condition complicating bile duct obstruction and liver abscesses. Rapid diagnosis and early treatment of septic complications are necessary. Early intervention for embolization should be considered in patients who did not show good response to conservative treatments.