The Hyperspectral Imaging (HSI) technology is mainly used to investigate land coverage, mineral, forest, vegetation, and so on. Recently, the HSI technology is recognized as one of the promising technique to assess and monitor water quality in real-time. This study is designed to provide a review on HSI data processing methods, hyper-spectral sensors, and applications of water quality hyper-spectral data. In order to understand the status of hyper-spectral remote sensing technology and research development of water quality, we largely discuss multi-spectral and hyper-spectral sensing, the type of hyper-spectral sensor, data processing technology, research present condition on water quality items such as chlorophyll a, phytoplankton, total suspended solids, total phosphorus, total nitrogen. However, the obtained data on water quality by HSI system is still shortage to apply water pollutants monitoring. In addition, the HSI data of target water quality compounds dependent on physiological step of inherent optical property and specific property of water quality is significantly requiring. Although there are various obstacles on HSI technologies as useful method to assess water quality, the advantages of HSI to investigate water pollutants around broad area and monitor point-sources have been recognized in positively. The HSI is based on technology that provides high resolution; higher accuracy; high sensitivity compared the multi-spectral imaging. In this study, the applications of HSI sensors to water quality monitoring and novel water management in environment, and the possibility to apply HSI technology for monitoring water quality are investigated to researching related paper.