The construction of new countryside in China is the key system design, which is led by government and to benefit the rural residents and to promote both China`s social and economic development. It`s a way to promote harmonious urban and rural development and avoid the mechanism failure under the market disposition and also a systematic plan and design to break the spell of “poverty trap”. It`s expected to eliminate the historical disadvantages in rural areas and bring progress to them, so as to promote urban and rural development and form a unitary social and economic structure. Based on the interpretation of targets, this paper summarized the policy system and capital utilization etc, then remarked on the rural construction studies of Chinese scholars since 2006, trying to provide some theoretical research material and practical intelligence support.