The high number of unwanted pregnancies and abortions in Japan indicates that women`s reproductive health and rights are faced with acrisis. Being approved emerhency contraceptive pills (EDP) Affifmantively and available and available over the counter kill avoid such situations. This paper briefly outlines the characteristic and social impact of ECP, after reviewing the history and definition of emergency contraception, In particular those of ECP. Subsequently, it makes clearly about the present situation of emergency contraception, termination, and ECP in Japan. It argues ECP may reduce the rate of unintended pregnancies and terminations, and also describes the social significance of introduction of ECP in terms of women`s and public health, Finally, the paper suggests the early introduction of ECP will be necessary for Japanese reproductive health and rights.