One of the cultural backgrounds which gave rise to printing in Europe was a growing demand for books as a number of universities were established and Renaissance was going on in the era of parchment-based transcription culture. In addition, paper and woodblock printing were introduced from the East, which laid a foundation for a new printing technique to emerge. He made pilgrim`s emblem during the adolescence in Strasbourg, however, he failed in business. He operated a print shop with co-founder J. Fust in Mainz and printed 42-line Bible by using movable metal-type before the march of 1455. European countries needed type-casting mould(hand mould) and press because of the tradition and culture of making books, which includes the each of letters, paper(parchment) and the way of binding books. Therefore it seems that Gutenberg invented these. But there are no materials how he cast the metal-type and printed the book at that time. The way of printing which has been known until now can be assumed through the old data around one century later after he died.