현재 대부분의 양벌규정에서 업무주의 법정형은 자연인 행위자의 법정형에 연계 종속된 형태로 규정되어 있다. 그러나 직접 범죄를 실행한 행위자와 업무주는 그 불법 책임의 정도에서 차이가 있다. 또한 경제적 규모에 있어서 자연인과 비교되지 않을 정도로 대규모인 기업이나 법인에 대하여 자연인 행위자의 법정형으로 대처할 때 예방적 효과를 제대로 기대할 수 없다. 여기서 법인 등 업무주와 행위자에 대하여 부과되는 형벌이 그 기능을 제대로 수행하도록 하기 위한 방편으로 양자에 대한 법정형 분리의 필요성이 제기된다. 업무주의 법정형을 자연인 행위자에 종속시키는 것은 외국의 입법추세에도 반하는 것이고 기업 등 법인의 범죄에 대한 실효성 있는 처벌에도 적합하지 않다. 비난과 억지라는 형벌목적이 제대로 실현되기 위하여는 수형주체의 경제적 능력이나 불법행위의 태양, 피해규모 등이 양형에 반영되어야 하고 이를 위해서는 업무주와 행위자의 법정형이 분리되어야 한다. 다만 법정형 분리가 무분별하게 기업에 대한 처벌의 수위를 높이는 것을 의미하는 것은 아니고 적정한 형벌을 실현할 수 있는 방안이 함께 검토되어야 한다.

According to the current law, if an employee or an employed person of a corporation or an organization commits a crime, he or she shall be punished by a so called joint penal provision. In the most usual form of the joint penal provision, the statutory degree or kinds of punishments against a corporation is subordinate to that of an individual offender. For example, Article 95(Joint Penal Provision) of ``Clean Air Conservation Act`` says, "If the representative of a juristic person, or an agent, an employee, other employed person of a juristic person or an individual commits an offense falling under any of Articles 89 through 93 in connection with affairs of the juristic person or individual, not only shall such offender be punished, but the juristic person or individual shall also be punished by a fine under the corresponding provisions". Therefore the maximum of sanction against a corporation or organization is same with that of an individual offender. Additionally the penalties for organization can not include a term of imprisonment. However this lenient attitude for corporations is obviously unfair or unreasonable, because the degree of illegality of an offense by a corporation or an organization is usually higher than that of an individual, and the organization is likely to have more money available to it than an individual. With this mild treatment for corporations, the purpose of punishment, that is, retribution and prevention can not be properly achieved. The more economy grows, the more the corporations or organizations play an important role, and the crimes or offenses of corporations increase. For a just retribution and prevention of crimes of corporations, the current penal policy for corporations should be changed. Firstly, penalties for corporations or organizations are to be set at higher levels than those for individuals. Moreover the more various kinds of sanctions against organizations should be introduced, for instance, corporate probation, restitution, remedial order, community service etc. To take these measures against organizations, the sanction against corporations should be divided with those of individuals. The statutory punishments against organization are to be set separately from those of individual offender, The major advanced countries, U.S.A., Japan, France etc. follow this tendency of reinforcement and diversification of sanction against corporations, and the statutory sanction against corporations is not linked with that of individuals. The main purpose of this paper is to demonstrate the necessity for the division of the statutory punishment against an individual and an corporation. This theme is to be handled de lege lata and de lege ferenda.