Background: Neumerous epidemiological studies have evaluated the association between allergy and cancer occurrence and It has been a debate that whether allergy is a risk factor of protective factor for cancer. However, no study has been conducted among Koreans. Objective: To evaluate the association between cancer and atopy, airwary hyperresponsiveness or allergy in Korean general population. Methods: A retrospective review of subjects who visited the Seoul National University Hospital Gangnam Healthcare Center from October 2003 to May 2011 was done. Atopy was defined if a subject had a positive result on skin prick test or in vitro allergen specific IgE tests. Airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) was defined when PC20 was less than 25 mg/dL in methacholine bronchial provocation test (MBPT). Information on cancers was obtained from medical history, endoscopic or ultrasonography-guided biopsy, and imaging studies such as computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging. Results: Among 12479 subjects, 498 subjects had atopy, 546 had AHR, 920 (7.4%) had allergic diseases and 326 (2.6%) cases of cancer occurred. 13 atopic individuals (p=0.818 compared with non-atopics) and 19 subjects with AHR (p=0.262 compared with subjects without AHR) had cancer. Patients with allergic rhinitis had slightly more cancer compared with individuals without allergic rhinitis (p=0.044) and there is no significance in other allergic diseases. Conclusion: We observed a small increased incidence of cancer in allergic rhinitis patients. Further investigation is warranted to confirm these associations.