This paper is intended to present the appearance of ``Political Field`` in France in the first half of the 14th Century. For this research, it is necessary to survey various scholastic discussions on the ``Common Good`` and the ``Common Profit``. Although their insistences were all heterogeneous after their philosophical and political positions and their writing in Latin hindered a large diffusion of the texts, they contributed to furnishing theoretical bases for the coming debates on the ``Political community (res publica)`` by the formation of the system of the Modern State in France. The political discourses are formed in the context of political realities developed about the divers problems raised by the system of the State. Four phases marked the political struggles of the French political society on the question of ``political community``: 1) royal centric political community; 2) decentralized forme insisted by the ``noble league`` in 1315-1316; 3) the policy of Philip V and Philip VI in order to rebuild the royal centric State; 4) the struggle of hegemony for the government of state between the representatives of three estates and the kingship. In the middle of these struggles, the political field was formed with multiple political discourses. The ``publicness`` thus appeared but doesn``t include one concept representing the historical substance. Political movement, however, was peopled with various discourses on political community, insisted and proposed by real political powers.