Fetal development is achieved under the influences of maternal environment, utero-placental function and the genetic growth potential which lead to development and maturation of tissues and organs. In the optimal condition, normal growth and development of the fetus will be achieved and process of labor and delivery will be easier. And also cardiopulmonary function and metabolic adaptation of the newborn in extrauterine environment will progress naturally. However, if there is unsatisfactory environmental condition such as maternal illness, problems including abnormal growth and development of the fetus, difficult labor and delivery and uneasy transition to extrauterine environment may occur. This article reviews the effects of noninfectious diseases of pregnancy such as hypertension, diabetes mellitus, thyroid and autoimmune diseases on the fetus and newborn.