The purpose of this study is to know the difference of a situation about the physical education in preschool between South and North Korea and to provid a basic data for new barometer of physical education in preschool of united Koreans. The conclusions are like below. First, the educational philosophy in South Korea is `Hong-Ik-In-Gan` ideology and North Korea is Juche(Autonomy) ideology. And the educational system in South Korea is composed of 6-3-3-`f(yr), 1-6(`l-2)-1(6)(yr) in North Korea. Second, the purpose of preschool education in South Korea is `education for the whole man` and North Korea is to make `a communist of ability`. And the educational curriculum in preschool of South Korea is composed of 5 living fields which are health, society, expression, language and investigation. The North Korea is consisted of the political ideology lesson and the intellectual lesson, the emotion, the physical training, and play. Third, the practical side of physical education in preschool of South Korea is consists of basic movement, body conditioning activity, dance and rhythmic activity and recreation and North Korea is movement education, play and war-play.