Chemical investigation of the aerial parts of Chloranthus japonicus Sieb. led to the isolation a new compound, 9-hydroxy heterogorgiolide (1) and isofraxidin-7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (2), the isolation of which is reported for the first time from this plant, along with the known components, β-sitosterol, β-sitosterol-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside, palmitic acid and octacosanoic acid. The structures of compound 1 and 2 were determined on the basis of spectroscopic data including two dimensional NMR and high resolution MS.