Investigation of template synthetic process undertook using self-assembly properties of monodispersed polystyrene nanoparticles with zero or minimal defect for photonic crystal, which is based on the synthesis and basic properties of monodispersed organic nanoparticles with the knowledge of particle nucleation mechanism. This gives us ability to control the particle size, particle size distribution, surface charge density, and surface functionality as well. Self-assembly of the nanoparticles were observed with respect to the interaction among condensing nanoparticles having various surface charge density and surface properties, which are believed to be critical factors for zero-defect photonic crystal formation. We knew that Lateral Capillary Force is an important factor for the formation of crystal lattice defects, which is determined by the interaction between two nanoparticles in two dimensional monolayer lattice. Also the fundamental techniques were established to examine relationship between PS nanoparticle property with hydrophobic substrate(APTMS modified substrate) property and determine the governing factors of the lattice defects.