Nowadays, the study of history is at a crisis under the influence of pragmatism. Some historians are abandoning a traditional method of study, and are expanding variously a research area for weather the crisis of historical education. They are developing new methods in the education of history. One of recent tendencies is the introduction of image materials into teaching. Some historians put films and historical documentaries to practical use in class. It is a method for making history popular. There was the attempt to apply image materials in the process of popularizing history and varieting educational methods in the West. This article has the purpose of analyzing a documentary with the latest educational method. The protagonists of the documentary were merchants under the Ming and Ch`ing Dynasty in China. The title of it was "The country of merchants, China". EBS produced and broadcast it. It dealed with a growth background of merchants, the correlation of them with the government, and a social position and a culture of them. According to it, merchants of coastal Province grew in tributary system of the Ming and Ch`ing Dynasty, and developed with modernization. They are the origin of overseas Chinese merchants. Image materials raise students` ability to concentrate all their energies upon class, and their comprehensive faculty about subjects. Students can understand easily a historical situation and a historical person by a picture. Of course, there are insufficient aspects. For example, the study of practical method and the introduction of various materials are necessary. If possible, it is necessary that historians participate in production of a documentary.