Transition to parenthood is a hard course for a newly formed family, both in the personal and familial aspects. Thus, dyadic adjustment after the transition to parenthood, and parental strain has been researched, widely. The Double ABCX model, developed by McCubbin and colleagues, has guided this reserch as a theoretical framework for examining dyadic adjustment after the transition to parenthood and parental strain in the Korean dual career family. A total of 284 husbands and wives both employed completed structured questionnaires. Major findings of this study are as follows : 1. There are differences between wives and husbands in dyadic adjustment and parental strain after the transition to parenthood. 2. The couples dyadic adjustment and parental strain were different depending on their total FILE scores, child`s temperament, and social support. That it was concluded that the situational context is very important in a dual career families` transition to parenthood. 3. In general, the results of this study support the utility of the Double ABCX model using Covariance Structure Analysis, especially for explaining wives` dyadic adjustment after the transition to parenthood. 4. To the applied support program for transition to parenthood, wives` parental strain was most important, since wives` parental strain influenced the wives` dyadic adjustment and husbands` parental strain.