In 1931, economic crisis swept down on France. Faced with disorder, a falloff in production, employment and trade, and public opinion, the ruling class and the economic elite remain bewildered and resigned. Then, three young Polytechnicians, conscious of the necessity of questioning economic dogmas, made a vigorous appeal for the free and objective confrontation of all viewpoints of economic and social inadaptations. Such was the birth of X-Crise(1931-1939) that came to have, after two years, more than 2000 members belonging to the Polytechnician`s circles or not. Being transformed into the Polytechnicians Economic Research Center, the X-Crise became one of the most remarkable society for the study of thought, and played the premonitory role of an idea laboratory to cope with those recurrences of economic crises in 1030s. The techno-economic elites of X-Crise, of diverse origins, who had lost the confidence in the system of liberal economy, were called the promoter of controlled economy, or planned economy. This mixed economic system within the framework of managed capitalism should define french political economy during and after the Second World War.