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조선시대의 대,소두와 그 가공식품
Beans-soybeans and red beans-and Processed Stuffs in the Choson Era
최덕경 ( Choe Deog Gyeong )
대구사학 vol. 72 71-110(40pages)
UCI I410-ECN-0102-2009-910-003096385

Beans have been in the spotlight for a long time as important crops as one part of the five grains- rice, millet, barley, foxtail millet and beans. In fact, the book of Qiminyaoshu(齊民要術) mainly refers to various uses of soybeans(大豆) and red beans(小豆). First of all, they basically were much the same as other crops which had functions of fundamental foods, but their leaves and processed stuffs came to be also used very importantly and diversly at every home at all seasons. These facts meaned that soybeans and red beans were so available that demands for them increased rapidly day by day in those days. In this script, it will be defined how to change trends of processed soybeans of which the place of origin is the Korean Peninsula. As everyday knows, these days, processed soybeans are so various and popular fascinating the citizens. This suggests that many parts of this country have been suited for dynamic soybean culture. If the soil of Korean Peninsula has been so suitable for growing soybeans after the primitive age, it is necessary to find out how soybeans have been processed and used up to this day. There are some evidences to prove that Korean Peninsula is the home of soybeans. For example, our ancestors have made soybeans malts and soy sauces from soybeans, according to the historical informations of Chinese. In addition, in the days of Koryo, bean sprouts and bean curds are used regularly as similarly as processed soybeans of the present day. Actually, most kinds of processed soybeans in these modem days were already in existence at that time. Especialy, referring to many kinds of farming books(農書), farmer diaries(日記) and Yigui(儀軌), processed soybeans were widely used from the Royal Court even to the general public in early days of the Choson era. These facts do not only emphasize the importance of soybeans and red beans, but also make it possible to guess the abundant amount of consumption of soybeans and red beans in previous days to the Choson era. In the fore part, I pointed out that soybeans and red beans played roles of locomotive to the rapid progress of the Korean agricultural economy. Besides, for reference of this script, soybeans and red beans were favorite sorts of health foods rather than simple foods. Furthermore, they have come to be used as wage of the government official(祿俸), article essential to a marriage(婚需品), prize for remarkable result(賞品), and military supply(軍糧). They have been even processed to side dishes(副食), vegetables(菜蔬) and household medicines(常備藥). Like these, soybeans and red beans have been taken regularly because they have been much more useful than any other crops. Owing to these various merits of soybeans and red beans, they have been necessities of general public lives as hardy wild crops capable of being used in a famine as well as basic farm products to support his and her families. Their fundamental economic roles might be regarded as trivial things to some degree, like the tip of an iceberg, compared with other various additional roles. Judging from these facts, we can see tha soybeans and red beans have performed various important functions at that time. For these reasons, so many farmers have grown soybeans and red beans from early days in the Choson ers. As result, the abundant supply of those versatile crops could have maintained elasticity subsisting farming communities upon scanty bean foods under the calamity of war. There are several reasons that soybeans and red beans could have been excellent foods in a famine. At first, they have had various effective values. Second, as producing power of other similar staple grains increase rapidly, roles of soybeans and red beans have changed from chief articles of foods to condiments, fermented soybeans, health foods and vegetable dishes so on. In short, they have come to get special tastes. These days, Korea is very famous for processed soybeans because the soil of Korean Peninsula has been suitab

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