This study was carried out to establish the optimal RAPD condition using, short oligonucleotide primers and then to compare the genetic characteristics of Korean Native Ogol Chicken with other breed of chicken, including WL, RIR, CN and KNBC. Each 5 individuals per breed were bled and DNA was extracted from collected blood. The primers used in this study were composed of 10 oligonucleotides of 50∼80% G+C content. The optimization on the primer annealing temperature, concentration of Mg ion, amount of template DNA was conducted. From initial 400 primers, 50 polymorphic primers between individuals of same or different breeds were selected. And finally, 10 primers showing highly polymorphic and reproducible pattern were selected and 49 polymorphic markers were counted for Band Sharing Coefficient estimation. Both KNOC and KNBC showed a high genetic homogeneity (0.862, 0.858) and RIR showed most homogeneous genetic composition {0.891). In the case of interbreed comparisons, both KNOC and KNBC showed the highest genetic similarity with CN (0.810, 0.835) and the least with WL (0.772, 0.782) than any other breeds. Therefore, the RAPD technique using short oligonucleotide sequences was useful for genetic analysis in chicken