The hypoglycemic and hypotensive effects of Polygonatum odoratum in non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) patients were investigated in this study. Sixty five NIDDM patients were divided into two groups: hospital diet (HD), Polygonatum odoratum diet (PD). HD group was provided with the diabetic diet used in a hospital and PD group consumed the Polygonatum odoratum added to the HD. The index of obesity, the level of fasting blood pressure (systolic and diastolic), fasting and postprandial blood glucose of NIDDM patients of the PD group were significantly lowered afrer the experimental period of 4 weeks. The levels of the plasma glucose, lipid and index of obesity was measured. The tendency of elevating the level of HDL-cholesterol and lowering the levels of triglyceride, LDL-cholesterol and total cholesterol were also noticed in NIDDM patients of the PD group. The results showed that Polygonatum odoratum could be an important dietary source to control hyperglycemia and hypertension and that the plant could be recommended as a preventive or therapeutic agent for NIDDM patients.