Background : Alopecia areata is a common dermatologic disorder and the course is so variable that some patients undergo spontaneous remission and others undergo total hair loss. There is no clearly superior therapy in the treatment of alopecia areata. The theory of autoimmune pathogenesis of alopecia areata suggests a potential therapeutic effect of cyclosporine. Objective : We evaluated the therapeutic effect of oral cyclosporine combined with other modalities in severe and refractory alopecia areata. Method : 28 patients(M:16, F:12) with severe or refractory alopecia areata were treated with oral cyclosporine 3-4 ㎎/㎏/day, oral prednisolone 5㎎/day, topical steroid and minoxidil for at least 3 months. Subjects were composed of 12 multifocal alopecia areata patients, 10 alopecia totalis patients, and 6 alopecia universalis patients. Blood pressure, CBC/DC, liver function test, BUN/Cr, Na/K/Cl, lipid series, and urinalysis were checked to avoid any side effects. Results : 1. Of the 28 patients, 20 patients(71%) showed new hair growth, 5 patients(18%) did not respond to therapy and 3 patients(11 %) were not available for follow up exams. 2. Mean time until new hair growth was 2.5 months. 3. Side effects occurred in 13 patients(47 % ), and they were as follows: 4 patients with hypertrichosis, 4 patients with gastrointestinal disturbances, 2 patients with abnormal urinalysis, and 3 patients with lipid series abnormality. 4. Three patients discontinued therapy due to side effects of 2 beause hypertrichosis and 1 because of abnormal urinalysis. Conclusion : Cyclosporine combination therapy is recommended in severe and refractory alopecia areata. Side effects were observed in 13 patients, but most of them were mild and transient. Severe side effects can be prevented by careful monitoring. Background : Recently, the prevalence of diabetes mellitus and its complications have been increased in Korea and they cause many socioeconomic losses in both patients and their families. But, there are neither sufficient medical assistance including concern of medical personnel nor social assistance in Korea nowadays. Objectives : In this study, we tried to reduce the risk of amputation and preserve the function of the foot by an early evaluation, proper treatment and consultation by dermatologists. Methods : We randomly chose 18 cases of diabetic foot ulcer and took care of them with proper and earlier debridement, dressing, antibiotics and cooporation with departments of internal medicine, especially endocrinology, nephrology and division of infectious disease. After healing of the ulcer, we recommended specially designed shoes and foot care products to prevent the recurrence of the foot problems. Results : The average duration of diabetes was 18 years and preexisting complications were neuropathy, nephropathy, vasculopathy and/or foot deformities. The precipitating factors of foot ulcer were burn, callus, fungal infection, bony deformity or trauma. Three cases underwent toe amputation and one case with severe vasculopathy was transferred to the vascular surgery. Average healing time was 14 weeks. Conclusion : Proper evaluation and management of diabetic foot ulcer patients with multidisciplinary approach should achieve good wound healing. Consequently, it can reduce the risk of amputation and improve the quality of life in the patient with diabetic foot ulcer. Among them, dermatologists who has a point of view of both a medical and surgical doctor may play a pivotal role in the management of diabetic foot ulcer.