전남지역에서 사육하고 있는 젖소 767두 중 유방염으로 의심되는 405두에서 원인균을 분리하여 유병률, 계절별 분리균의 분포, 항균 요법제에 대한 감수성 검사 등을 실시하였다. 유방염의 유병률을 살펴보면, 젖소별로는 총 767두 중에서 259두(33.8%)이었고, 분방별로는 총 3,068분방 중에서 568분방(18.5%,)이었으며 계절별로는 8월(17.6%), 9월(12.7%), 4월(11.2%) 등의 순으로 나타났고 체세포 숫자별로는 평균 105.9×10 exp(4)± 79.5×10 exp(4)이었다. 원인균의 월별 분리빈도분포를 살펴보면, 1월에는 Staphylococcus sp. & Escherichia coli (33.3%), 2월 Staphylococcus sp. (71.4%), 3월 Streptococcus sp. (31.6%), 4월 Streptococcus sp. (41.4%), 5월 Escherichia coli (35.7%), 6월 Staphylococcus aureus(26.9%), 7월 Salmonella sp. (25.9%), 8월 Escherichia coli (20.5%), 9월 Escherichia coli & Pseudomonas sp. (21.2%), 10월 Klebsiella sp. (29.6%), 11월 Salmonella sp. (31.6%) 12월 Streptococcus sp. (37.5%) 등이 가장 높았다. 체세포 숫자별 원인균의 분리빈도 분포를 살펴보면, Staphylococcus sp.(251×10 exp(4)∼300×10 exp(4) : 35.7%)을 제외하고는 일반적으로 50×10 exp(4)∼100×10 exp(4)이 가장 높았다. 항균요법제에 대한 감수성은 일반적으로 trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole은 Streptococcus sp., Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus sp., Klebsiella sp. 에 높았으며 gentamycin은 Staphylococcus sp., Escherichia coli, Klebsiella sp., Proteus sp., Pseudomonas sp., Salmonella sp.에 높았다.

Patterns on the outbreaks and antimicrobial susceptibility by causative agents isolated from raw milk of bovine mastitis were identified on 259 samples among the 405 by the somatic cells, colony morphology, characteristics on aesculin blood agar, gram stain and biochemical examination in Chonnam, Korea during the period from 4 January to 28 December in 1992. The results are summarized as follows : 1. Prevalence rate of the bovine mastitis was observed in dairy cows of 259 (33.8%) among dairy cows of 767 on dairy farms and quarters of 568 (18.5%) among quarters of 3,068 by raw milk examining. These occurrence frequencies by season of bovine mastitis were observed in the order of August (17.0%), September (12.7%), April (11.2%), July (10.4%), and October (10.4%). 2. The mean of positive according to somatic cell number was observed in the order of March (244.5×10 exp(4)±109.9×10 exp(4)), April (227.9×10 exp(4)±101.3±10 exp(4)), June (194.4×10 exp(4)±105.5×10 exp(4)), August (178.6×10 exp(4)±91.3×10 exp(4)), and overall mean was observed in 105.9×10 exp(4)±79.5×10 exp(4). 3. The monthly distribution of causative agents was observed in the highest of both Staphylococcus sp. (33.3%) and Escherichia coli (33.3%) in January. Staphylococcs sp. (71.4%) in February, Streptococcus sp. (31.6%) in March, Streptococcus sp. (41.4%) in April. Escherichia coli (35.7%) in May, Staphylococcus aureus(26.9%) in June, Salmonella sp. (25.9%) in July, Escherichia coli (20.5%) in August, both Escherichia coli (21.2%) and Pseudomonas sp. (21.2%) in September, Klebsiella sp. (29.6%) in October, Salmonella sp. (31.6%) in November, and Streptococcus sp. (37.5%) in December respectively. 4. The distribution of causative agents according to somatic cell number was observed in the highest of 50×10 exp(4)∼100×10 exp(4) in general, only except Staphylococcus sp. (251×10 exp(4)∼300×10 exp(4); 35.7%). 5. The susceptibility to antimicrobias of the causative agents was observed in the highest of trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole to Streptococcus sp., Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus sp., and Klebsiella sp. but gentamycin to Staphylococcus sp., Escherichia coli, Klebsiella sp., Proteus sp., Pseudomonas sp., Salmonella sp. in general.