This study was designed to demonstrate advantages of lascpoic cholecystectomy (LC) in comparison to open cholecystectomy (OC) on the endocrine, inflammatory, and respiratory responses to surgical trauma. 21 patients with gall stone were assigned randomly to the laparoscopic cholecystectomy (N=11) or the open cholecytectomy (N=10) groups. Blood samples were obtained before the operation,24 hours and 72 hours after the operation. Plasma concentrations of ACTH, Cortisol, Epinephrine and Norepinephrine were measured as indices of the endocrine response. Plasma concentrations of lntetheukin-6(IL-6), Interleukin-lα(IL-α), tumor necrotic factor (TNF), ESR and CRP were measured as the indices of the inflammatory response. Vital capacity (VC), Forced expiratory volum in is (FEV1), Functional residual capacity (FRC), pH, PaO2, PaCO2, SaO₂ were measured as the indices of pulmonary function. Plasma concentrations of ACTH and cortisol in the OC group after the operation were increased much more than in LC group. Plasma concentration of lL.6 in the OC group was significantly increased postoperatively. but the respiratory response show no the significant difference between the both groups. On the bases of these results the benefit of LC was proved by the reduced endocrine and inflammatory responses to surgical trauma.