Tuberculous cervical lymphadenitis is one of common cause of neck mass in young adult in Korea. Tuberculous cervical lymphadenitis known as Scrofula was being treated by the "Royal Touch" in the 5th century and by Surgery in the 17th century, yet the principles of treatment is still controversial. At the present time, there appears to be difficulty in defining the role of Surgery and Chemotherapy in the treatment of this common extrapulmonary Tuberculosis. Recently, the surgical treatment is being considered only when conservative treatment has failed. Authors made a clinical analysis of 198 cases of Tuberculous cervical lymphadenitis treated in the Capital Armed Forces General Hospital from Jan. 1980 to Dec. 1984. The results were as follows; 1) The age of patient was 20~30 years old and sex was all male. 2) Duration of symptoms was most frequent from 2 months to 3 months(42.9%). 3) The frequent location of lymphadenitis was Rt. neck(46.4%), Lt neck(37.8%) & Both neck(15.8%) in order and especially common in anterior triangle of neck. 4) The common local findings were mass(83%), cold abscess with mass(12%) and common systemic symptoms were cough & hemoptysis(12.5%), weight loss(4.5%). 5) The past history of personal Tuberculous cervical lymphadenitis was 13% and family history of Tuberculosis was 23%. 6) The incidence of associated Tuberculosis was 22.6% and its frequency was Pulmonary Tubercuiosis(10.6%), Pleural Tubercuiosis(6%), Genitourinary Tubercuiosis(3%) in order. 7) Diagnosis was made by biopsy in 165 cases(83.4%), by physical examination & local findings in 33 cases(16.6%) and by bacteriological culture in 3 cases among 33 cases. 8) All cases were received chemotherapy for 12 months after surgical biopsy(165 cases) and excision or radical lymphadectomy(33 cases). 9) The cure rate was 86.1% in only neck mass patient, 91.5% in cold neck abscess patient and 66.7% in Tuberculous neck sinus patient. But the newly developed Tuberculous lymphadenitis was 6.6%.