since the first clinical renal transplantation in monozygotic twin by Murray in 1954, renal allograft has been tried as therapy of end stage renal disease for whom dependent upon hemodialysis. Nowadays, renal allograft has been done popularly and its clinical experiences has been accumulated. With the development of immunology, the preparation of patients before renal allograft was done well and new immunosuppressive agent appeared. The another advance in renal allograft resulted from HLA typing and related immunological tool such as crossmatching, MLC. Recently, the result of renal allograft has been reported from transplant registry in U.S.A. and Europe, which showed marked improved survival rate. Renal transp-lantation has been accepted as treatment of choice of end stage renal disease in the following view points of rehabilitation cost & benefit, quality of life. To find out the general pattern of renal transplantation in Korean, we analyzed clinically 100 cases of renal transplantation which had been done from Feb, 1980 to Feb, 1985 in the department of surgery. Yonsei university, college of medicine. The results are summarized as follows; 1) The age incidence of recipients was prevalent in the 3rd decade and 4th decade and the ratio of male to female was 3.3 : 1. 2) The age incidence of donors was prevalent in the 3rd decade and the ratio of male to female was 1.2 : 1. 3) Donors were all living donor without cadaver. Among 87 cases of living related donors, siblings were 65 cases(74.7%), parents 14 cases (16%), children 8 cases (9.3%). Living unrelated donors was 13 cases. 4) All cases were negative by cross-matching and in HLA A, B locus typing, 2 antigen match was 54 cases, 4 antigen match was 33 cases, 1 antigen match was 10 cases, 3 antigen match was 3 cases. In HLA-DR antigen typing, 2 antigen match were 28 cases(38.40(4) and 1 antigen match were 44 cases(61.6%). 5) Acute rejection occurred in 31 cases(32.2%) in living related donor and 3 cases(23.1%) in living unrelated donors. According to HLA antigen match, acute rejection occurred as follows; 1 antigen match 40%, 2 antigen match 35.2%, 3 antigen match 0, 4 antigen match 24.2%. Recovery rates was 87.1% in over all; living related donor 89.2%, living unrelated donor 66.7%. According to HLA antigen, 4 antigen match 100%, 2 antigen match 88.2%, 1 antigen match 66.7%. 6) postoperative complication was found in 51 cases; infection 23 cases, non-infection 28 cases. Among infectious complications, Respiratory infection was the most common(13 cases) and then Herpes simplex 5 cases, Herpes Zoster 3 cases. Noninfectious complications were mainly due to steroid effect such as diabetes mellitus(7 cases), aseptic necrosis of head(7 cases), duodenal ulcer with bleeding(2 cases). The others were lymphocele 3 cases. postoperative bleeding 2 cases, urinary fistula 3 cases. 7) Mortality rate was 15%(15%). The cause of death was chronic rejection (5 cases), acute rejection with sepsis (4 cases), liver failure (1 case) CVA(1 case), Cryptococcal meningoencephalitis (1 case) and ARDS (1 case). 8) The overall patient survival from Feb. 1980 to Feb. 1985 was 92% of 1 year and 80.4% of 5 years. The overall graft survival was 93% of 1 year and 83.9% of 5 years. (a) Patient survival rate from living related donor was 93% of 1 year and 81.3% of 5 years and living unrelated donor was 84.6% of 1 year and 84.6% of 5 years. Among living related donors, siblings were 97% of 1 year and 89.4% of 5 years and parents and children were 82% of 1 year and 65.4% of 5 years. (b) Graft survival rate from living related donor was 94.3% of 1 year, 84.9% of 5 years and from living unrelated donor was 84.6%. Of 1 year, 84.6% of 5 years. Among living related donors, siblings were 100% of 1 year, 95.2% of 5 years and parents and children were 77.3% of 1 year, 57.9% of 5 years. (c) In HLA antigen match, graft survival rate from 4 antigen match was 100% of 1 year,100% of 5 years and from 3 antigen