Adenofibromatous hyperplasia is rare benign diease of ampulla of Vater characterized histopathologically by increased glands and fibrosis causing obstructive jaundice. It has been usually mistaken for ampulla of Vater cancer due to concentric narrowing of distal common bile duct. A case is presented in which a 42-year-old man with intermittent obstructive jaundice suggested cancer of ampulla of Vater. It was confirmed later as adenofibromatous hyperpalsia of papilla of Vater, pathologically. Case history was presented and reviewed.