Etiologic diagnosis is important in the management of a patient with acute pancreatitis. Early differentiation of gallstone pancreatitis from nongallstvne pancreatitis by imaging methods is often difficult. The objectives of this study are to assess valucs of clinical and laboratory data in establishing gallstone as an etiology of pancreatitis and to analyze endoscopie retrograde clholangiopancreato- grophy (ERCP) findings of gallstome panrreatitis. Age, sex, serum alkaline phosphatase, aminotransferase (SGPT), amylase, lipase, and total bilirubin levels were significantly clifferent (p < 0.05, chi square) between gallstone and nongallstone groups. The item which favor gallstone pancreatitis are age.50 years, female sex, amylase>1000 IU/ml, lipase 3000 IU/ml, SGPT-100 IU,/L, alkaline phosphatase2400 IU/L, and total bilirubin 2.5 mg, dl. It was found that, those who had more than 4 of above factors (21 cases) were more likely to have gallstone pancreatitis (15 cases, 71.4%). ERCP findings of 22 patients with gallstone pancreatitis were analysed. l5 cases (68.2%) had common bile duct stones, of which 9 had undertaken endoscopic sphincterotomy and removal of stones. In conclusion, clinical and biochemical predictive systems for presence of gallstones in acute pancreatitis may have useful roles in evaluation of etiology in acute pancreatitis and in planing early interventional treatment. ERCP and endoscopic sphinctivotomy in gallstone pancreatitis are safe and effective diagnostic and therapeatic measures.