Xanthogranulomatous Cholecystitis in an uncommcin benign inflammatory disease of gallbladder characterized histapathologically by extensive lipid-containing histiocytes. It has been usually mistaken for gallbladder cancer due to diffuse wall thickening of gallbladder with peripheral infltration radiographically. A case is presented in which a 60-year-old man with clinical gallbladder cancer was found at surgery to have a thick-walled, adherent gallbladder with peripheral tissue including liver. It was confirmed later as xanthogranulomatous chlecystitis, pathologically. Case history was presented and reviewed.