Acquired tracheoesophageal fistula through esophageal diverticulum is infrequent, and they are caused by carcinoma, trauma, infection, and traction. The most common clinical findings are cough associated with eating, production of sputum mixed with food, and weight loss with profound weakness. In the vast majority of patients, diagnosis was made using esophagography, fiberoptic esophagoscopy and bronchoscopy. We reported a case of non-malignant tracheoesophageal fistula through esophageal diverticulum combined with aspiration pneumonia found in a 34 year old woman who complained of chronic coughing, fever, and frequent episodes of paroxysmal coughing. Patients symptom and condition improved after surgical repair including fistulectomy with esophageal repair, and segmental lobectorny. (Korean J Gastroenterol 1997; 30:677-683)