Although the survival rate of patients with stomach cancer has been increased by the early diagnosis and treatment of the disease, it still remained the second most common cause of death with cancer. Studies about the premalignant causes of stomach cancer has been in progress, actively. It is well known that the risk of development of stomach cancer increases after the partial gastrectomy far the treatment of benign gastric disease. The importance of regular follow up of gastrofiberscopic examination is suggested for the early diagnosis of possible stomach cancer in these patients. In addition, it is known that the vagotomy and pyloroplasty for the treatment of duodenal ulcer increase the risk of the development of stomach cancer. However, no case has been reported in Korea. We report a case of adenocarcinoma of stomach occurring after tnmcal vagotomy and pyloroplasty, which have been performed for the treatment of duodenal ulcer perforation with review of relevant literatures. (Korean J Gastroenterol 1998;31:686 - 690)