Primary hepatoma have been relatively common due to developed diagnostic maneuver. This tumor is quite prevalent in Asia, Africa and cirrhosis is an etiologic factor as concomittant disease. Recently large number of surgeon reported excellent surgical result. This report is clinical review of 50 patients who were diagnosed as a primary hepatoma at the Department of Surgery, Catholic University Medical College from March, 1978 to December, 1989. The following results were obtained: 1) The male to female ratio was 5.2:1. The age distribution indicated a prominent incidence between 4th. and 5th. decade. 2) Symptom and signs on admission were right upper quadrant abdominal pain (72%), malaise (20%), indigestion (12%), fever (12%). The liver cirrhosis was associated in 23 cases (46%). 3) The most common anatomical location of tumor was right lobe in 32 cases (64%) and the size of tumor was most common in 5~10 cm (24 case, 48%). 4) Histopathological examination revealed hepatocellular carcinoma (45 cases, 90%), cholangiocarcinoma (2 cases) and hepatoblastoma (2 cases). 5) Hepatic resection was performed in 30 cases (60%) and others were hepatic artery ligation in 14 cases (28%) and exploration and biopsy in 6 cases (12%). 6) Postoperastive complications were noted in 12 cases (24%), among which pleural effusion was most common (12 cases) and the other complications were postoperative bleeding (5 cases), hepatic coma (4 cases). 7) Overall hospital mortality was 24% and the cause of death were hepatic failure (6 cases), hepatorenal syndrome (3 cases), GI bleeding postoperative bleeding and D.I.C.