A 44-year-old man had Sweets syndrome (acute febrile neutrophilic dermatosis), accompanied by erythematous tender subcutaneous nodules resembling erythema nodosum(EN). The EN-like lesions histologically showed a septal panniculitis with predominantly neutrophilic infiltrates. The association of Sweets syndrome with EN seems to be uncommon and only a few cases have been reported until the present. We describe a patient with Sweets syndrome associated with acute EN. (Ann Dermatol 10:(3) 208-211, 1998).