저자들은 26세 임산부에서 급성 전골수성 백혈병(Acute promyelocytic leukemia, AML-M3)을 동반한 환자에서 분만후 수혈 및 항암화학요법을 시행하였으나 다량의 대뇌출혈로 급격히 사망한 예를 경험하였기에 문헌고찰과 함께 보고하는 바이다.

Since the initial report of leukemia in a pregnant woman was made by Virchow in 1845. Acute leukemias are among the most common malignant neoplasms of young adult women. The eincidence in pregnancy is not accurately known. The leukemias are a heterogenous group of neoplasms arising from the malignant transformation of hematopoietic (blood-forming) cells. Leukemic cells proliferate primary in the bone marrow and lymphoid tissues where they interfere with normal hematopoiesis and immunity. Leukemias are classified according to the types primarily involved (myeloid or lymphoid) and as acute and chronic based upon the natural history of the disease. The cause of leukemia is not known in most patient although both benetic and environmental factors may be important. Acute leukemia occurs with an increased frequency in a variety of congenital factors. Leukemia is the second most common malignancy in women in the reproductive age group, the true incidence of acute leukemia during pregnancy is not known. The diagnosis of acute leukemia is suggested by the clinical manifestations of marrow dysfunction-pallor, diminshed resistance to infection, bleeding diathesis, and bone pain, peripheral blood smear and bone marrow examination establish the diagnosis. Treatment decisions for each patient must be based on several factors, including the stage of gestation and the maternal and fetal health at the time of diagnosis, themothers prognosis and her likehood of pregnancy after treatment, and the known carcinogenic potential of the drug in question. Recently, we experienced a case of AML(M3) in a 26 years old pregnant woman. We present this case with a brief view of literature.