Although the institutional deliveries are desirable to reduce morbidity and mortality rate of both infant and mother, the rate of hospital delivery. varies with socioeconomic and cultural background. The lowered morbidity and mortality rate in more developtd countries are undouht edly associated with higher rates of better equipped hospital csre. Fertility in Korea has been declining gradually ever since 1962 when the government adopted family planning program as government policy. But it is not easy to expect a continuous decline because the children born during baby-boom generation after the Korean War have grown up to reproductive age. The author therefore decided to investigate the pattern of childbirth, sterilization and contraception method of rural area which might be of value in presenting the problem as well as in seeking the solution. 294 wives aged between 20 and 49 were interviewed in Injumyun Asangun Chung Chang Nam Do. The statistical analysis of 994 deliveries, 55 laparascopic sterillization, and 146 contracept which were experienced by the 294 wives. The results obtained are as follonws; 1. Home delivery constitutes 94.5% of all the cases studied,the remaining 5.9% were institutional deliveries. 2. Recently there is an evidence of a slight increase in hospital delirrery. 3. There showed increasing tendency of hospital deliverlr in higher educational group, offcial and commercial group, than farmer and fisher group. 4. In almost all cases(92.l5%), the deliveries took place by unquslifitde personne1. Only 4.83% of them were attended by physician, 3.02% by midwives. There is however a slight upward trend in attendance by physician in recent years. 5. 20.0% of total had taken sterilization, and except 3 cases the sterilization had been taken between l976 and l979. 6. Male sterilization rate was only l.70%. 7. 49.66% of the total had pratised contraception, and the method were I.U.D. (30.82%), Oral pill(30.l4%) and Condom(23.19%).