The effects of mold binders on the formation of equiaxed zone of 99.8% AL ingots were studied with various sand molds and metal mold. The formation of equiaxed crystals are increased by furan, cement, CO₂and metal mold, and decreased by greensand and shell mold. Pouring temperature moat be kept as low as possible to get a fine grain Structure and to increase of volume of equiaxed zone. The effect of surface roughness on volume of equiaxed zone were depend upon by the kind of mold binders. These are caused by separation of crystals from the mold wall in the initial stage of solidification before formation of the stable solid skin.