We analysed the genetic variation and phylogenetic relationship among fourteen taxa of Genus Abies distributed in Korea using random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) and internal transcribed spacer (ITS) 2 sequences of the nuclear ribosomal DNA (rDNA). RAPDs were used for identification of selected taxa by amplification using single 10-mer primers of arbitrary sequence. Fourteen taxa were clearly classified with 10 arbitrary primer, which generated 102 useful polymorphic bands that were evaluated according to the presence or absence of the fragments of equal size. The genetic distance between A. Koreana for. chlorocarpa and A. Koreana for. rubrocarpa was 0.127, showing the closest among any other pairs. By comparing the base sequences in the ITS2 region of the nuclear rDNA, genetic relationship was assessed among selected taxa. It showed twenty six sites of point mutation (base substitution) in 243 base pairs (bp) of ITS2 region. The G+C contents of ITS2 region were ranged form 58.3% to 61.7%. The value of nucleotide divergence among selected taxa was ranged from 0.4% to 9.8%. These results showed that RAPD and ITS2 sequence analysis was a useful tool for elucidating phylogenetic relationship and selection of specific marker in Abies species.