In order to elucidate the fine genetic structure of the human transferrin (Tf) in Korean population, we investigated the phenotypic polymorphism and allele frequency of Tf. There were two common alleles (Tf*C1 and Tf*C2) and one rare allele (Tf*Dchi) observed in this study. The allele frequencies were Tf*C1 = 0.6010, Tf*C2 = 0.3181 and Tf*Dchi = 0.0143, respectively. We found that the frequency of Tf*C1 in Korean population was much lower than that of other Asian populations. In contrast, the frequency of Tf*C2 was much higher than that of other Asians.