Genetic relationships among the eight species of the Drosophila melanogaster species group were investigated by alozymes analysis. The allozyme analysis was performed to establish the genetic distance (Nei's) and genetic similarity (Rogers') among the eight species of the melanogaster species group, by means of the starch gel electrophoretically detected allelic frequencies of 21 loci common to these species. Four loci, Fun-1, Me-1, Me-2, and Xdh-1 were monomorphic in all species, and specially Me-2 was same allele. As for the genetic relationships based on the results from the allozymes analysis, D. auraria and D. triauraria were found to have the closest genetic relationship, and the relationship between D. melanogaster and D. biauraria showed the reverse. The average genetic distance and genetic similarity among the eight species of the melanogaster species group were found to be 0.798 and 0.490, respectively. The result of UPGMA by allozymes analysis might suggest that the melanogaster species group consist of two lines; the 1st line of subgroup of D. suzukii, subgroup of D. lutescens, subgroup of D. melanogaster and D. simulans, and 2nd line of subgroup of D. rufa, D. auraria, D. biauraria and D. trianuraria.