To study the fifth elementary school science curriculum amended in 1987, the aims and contents of elementary school science education, science textbook and science teachers handbook are examined. The results are obtained as follows : 1. the aims of elementary school science teaching should be restated to balance scientific knowledge, process skills and scientific attitudes. 2. the goals of grade levels and units should be modified to evalulate the learners` achievement objectively. 3. Contents of science textbooks should be reorganized to fit in learners` developmental stages of grade levels including levels of scientific knowledge and inquiry methods. 4. Contents of science teachers` handbook should be improve to enhance the teachers` scinence teaching professionally.