Mitochondrial DNA( mtDNA ) variation was investigated in ten geographical strains of Drosophila melanogaster in Korea. On the basis of cleavage site differences (site variation) with 11 restriction enzymes, four different genotypes were identified. Nucleotide substitution rates among four genotypes were ranging from 0.0027 to 0.0069 (average 0.0034). Length variation was found in ten geographical strains and it was thought to occur within the A+T rich region in the mtDNA genome. From the comparison of mtDNA polymorphism in Korea to that in Japanese population (Satta and Ishiwa, 1986), no evidence of mtDNA divergence between two countries was obtained.