The main purpose of this paper is to evaluate the localization of science and technology (S&T) policy and to investigate the expected roles of the local government for the regional development on the basis of the technical innovation through the empirical research in Korea. For this, at first, the basic reasons for adopting the localization of S&T policy are examined through the previous studies. Also, the main roles that the local government has to play for the technical innovation of local areas are discussed. Secondly on the basis of the data from the survey, the Korean localization of S&T policy is evaluated and the local people`s understandings of the roles of their government for the regional the technical innovation are examined. According to this survey. the people in the local areas are not very satisfied with the present localization of the S&T policy in Korea. They believe that the local government has to take the main role to mak and implement the S&T policy for the regional development. This paper ends with discussing what the main barriers are for the localization of S&T policy and what has to be done for the local governments to take the major role in order to develope the local areas on the basis of technical innovations for the future.