PURPOSE: The hypothalamus plays a central role in integrating hormonal and nutritional signals from the periphery and modulating food intake, energy balance. However, obesity and type 2 diabetes cause dysfunction of hypothalamus. This study was to investigate the effects of 8 weeks resistance exercise training on leptin receptor, GLUT2 mRNA of the hypothalamus and skeletal muscle GLUT4 mRNA expression in OLETF rats. METHODS: Thirty male OLETF rats were randomly divided into three groups: LETO (CON, n=10), OLETF (OLETF+CON, n=10), OLETF+resistance exercise (OLETF+EXE, n=10). Exercise group conducted gradual ladder climbing exercise 3 days per week for 8 weeks. RESULTS: The results of this study was following; In the hypothalamus, leptin receptor (Ob-R) and GLUT2 mRNA expression were significantly increased in OLETF+EXE group compared with OLETF group (p<.05). Activation of AMPK was significantly decreased in OLETF+EXE group compared to OLETF group (p<.05). GLUT4 mRNA expression of skeletal muscle was significantly increased in OLETF+EXE group compared with OLETF group (p<.05), and HOMA-IR index also was significantly lower in OLETF+EXE group than OLETF group (p<.05). CONCLUSIONS: These results showed that 8 weeks resistance exercise training can improve leptin receptor mRNA expression and glucose sensing in hypothalamic. Also, these effects may contribute to energy homeostasis in peripheral such as skeletal muscle.