Adenoid basal carcinoma는 자궁경부에서 매우 낮은 빈도로 발병한다. 43세 여성은 자궁 경부암 임상기 IIa로 진단되어 신보조적항암요법 후 광범위 자궁적출술, 양측 부속기 절제술 및 골반 임파절 절제술을 받았다. 신보조적항암요법 후 시행한 수술시야에서 육안적으로 자궁경부의 3 x 2.5 Cm 크기의 종괴가 관찰되었으며 조직학적으로는 편평상피암과는 독립적으로 adenoid basal carcinoma가 관찰되었다. adenoid basal carcinoma는 진한 핵과 세포질이 거의 없는 작고 고른 크기의 세포가 둥지 형태를 만드는 것을 특징으로 한다. 임상적으로는 전이가 드물어 예후가 좋은 것으로 알려져 있어 조직학적으로 유사한 basosquamous cell carcinoma, 특히 adenoid cystic carcinoma와의 감별이 필요하다.

We report a rare case of adenoid basal carcinoma in uterine cervix. The patient was a 43-year-old Korean female. She received neoadjuvant chemotherapy with Quick Cis-VP16 (cisplatin and VP16 with 7-10 days interval), three times and radical hysterectomy with pelvic lymph nodes dissection under the diagnosis of cervical cancer stage IIa. After the neoadjuvant chemotherapy, the mass size was 3 x 2.5 Cm and which was protruded in exocervical region. Microscopically, scattered small nests of uniformed small cells with dark nuclei and scant cytoplasm were observed. Peripheral palisading as well as the formation of gland-like or acinar structures were noted. There were also foci of squamous differentiation in same portion of the small nests. The epithelial surface in other portions showed squamous cell carcinoma, large cell non-keratinizing cell type. Distribution between adenoid basal carcinoma of the cervix and other disease, such as adenoid cystic carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma with basaloid features, is important for clinical management because the clinical behavior of adenoid basal carcinoma is less malignant than adenoid cystic carcinoma.