Atopic dermatitis (AD) is one of the most common chronic inflammatory dermatitis, which is characterized by intense pruritus and dry skin. Pathogenesis of AD is complex, and several factors, such as immunologic disturbance, skin barrier dysfunction, and genetic factors, have been considered as an important factor in the development of AD. Stress, bacterial or viral infections, and the exposure to aero-or food-allergens are well known aggravating factors in AD. These factors have different interplay in each AD patient. Main treatment-goals of AD are the elimination of inflammation and infection, preserving and restoring the barrier function and detection and controlling exacerbating factors. Based on these principal goals, treatment strategy in AD must be modified to each patient based on genetic and pathophysiologic information.