This article was resulted from cautiously reading the newly acquired letters with the materials used in the previously published research papers. After a copy of Yi Tae-jun's letter to Kim Kyu-sik written on May 10, 1920, which was just eight months before Yi's tragic death, was obtained from Jeong Byeong-jun, a professor at Ewha Woman's University, I have a chance to analyze letters related to Yi, including letters to Ahn Chang-ho. It led me to self-reflection on the research style for tracking down absorbedly Yi's life and activities. 
The possibility, though overcoming the limitations of shortage of historical materials is challenge, is found to broaden the scope of the Yi Tae-jun study by paying a attention to the people, organizations, and events that had been carelessly overlooked. Magyar, a Hungarian prisoner of war who helped Yi Tae-jun, is highlighted by consultation of Professor Bartor of Mongolia, as well as some Hungarian scholars who majored in Mongolian studies. And the fact is revealed that Gim Eun-sik, Yi Tae-jun's wife, who had participated in the anti-Japanese movement after her husband's death even though Gim Eun-sik's life and further activities remain an unsolved issue. In addition, Yu Dong-yeol who had a plan to establish a secret military academy in Mongolia together with Gim Gyu-sik, was the figure that I want to fucus on through the article. 
One of future research topics are also suggested that the lives and activities of the Korean students who participated in the Northern Expedition during the Xinhai Revolution (1911) and who met with Yi Tae-jun in Nanjing, China.

This article sheds light on the status of the Korean Society, which moved to Beijing before liberation, and on the status of hygiene and doctors' activities in the history of life at the time. Those who led the "life of people who has lost his country” in China's political center of Beijing did not escaped starvation and destitution. Udang, who is mentioned as a symbol of noblesse oblige in the history of Korea's independence movement, was unable to live a rich life on the Korean Peninsula after 1910. The unsanitary conditions and starvation led to the epidemic threatening the Korean community, and some of Korean opium-handlers impaired the Korean reputation.
Lee Ja-hae is one of the most representative doctors who used to practice in Beijing. He moved back from Manchuria in 1920 to open a hospital and manage a farm. From the records he left, we can get a glimpse of the process of setting up the hospital and of the Beijing epidemic. The Severance people had already been getting educated at Peking Union Medical College since shortly after the March 1st Independence Movement in 1919. Lee Yong-sul is a representative figure who worked in the same space as Kim Hyun-taek was. It must have been the power of seniors like Kim Chang-se that led the Severance people to build ties with the Academy.

The first peak of the Chinese-Korean ethnic group's migration to the northeast was from the late 19th century to the early 20th century. In the late 19th century, with the brutal politics of the Korean government and the Japanese imperialist invasion of Korea, the northern Korean population crossed the Tu-men River and moved to Yanbian on a large scale. The immigration policy of the Qing Dynasty and the Republic of China assisted to gradually form the Korean society. In particular, taking the opportunity of the merger of Korea and Japan in 1910, many revolutionaries who pursued the independence of countries and national liberation gathered in Yanbian for the construction of overseas independence movement bases. Most of them, as Christian believers and doctors, carried out the patriotic enlightenment movement and anti-Japanese struggle in the Yanbian area and made great contributions to the medical service in Yanbian area. 
While introducing the medical facilities and personnel reform in Yanbian, this article analyzes the role and contribution of medical professionals in the society of Koreans through the activities of medical representatives such as Park Suh-yang, Martin, Shin Bok-dung, and Lee Kyong-jae. This article makes an effort to highlight the medical professionals who stuck to their duty as doctors, silently working for the ethnic society even though they were not well-known, because there is no apparent records verifying that they participated in the armed struggle for independence. It is also suggested that the contributions of those who had not yet been identified to the independence struggle should be tracked.

This paper examines the independence movement of students, who played an important role in the March 1st Movement, along with religious leaders. In particular, I looked into the Independence Movement developed by the students of Severance Union Medical College, which had the following characteristics. 
First, they belonged to the religious community of Christianity, and all of them were members of the YMCA and showed solid bonds through meetings. Based on this, they were able to establish solidarity with students from other career (technical) colleges. 
Second, they had various backgrounds. Since Severance Union Medical College was founded as a union of several Christian denominations, young Koreans, especially young Christians, from throughout the Korean Peninsula who wanted to receive a medical education gathered at this college. Their hometowns were diverse, which served as a great advantage in the independence movement in Seoul and other regions. They lived near the school, where the Seoul station was located, and shared plans of specific steps for the independence movement, exchanging opinions at their boarding house. It was at 126 Hwacheonjeong in Seoul where Bae Dong-seok, Kim Moon-jin and other Severance students lived together and planned the independence movement of students. They were the leaders of the student independence movement who received from several months to one and a half year sentences. 
In addition, students of Severance Union Medical College distributed the Declaration of Independence, centering on their hometowns, and created the cause of the March 1st Movement occurring in each area. Kim Byung-soo and Bae Dong-seok are representative figures in charge of the movement. 
As a result, the students of Severance Union Medical College based their independence movement on their educational institutions and their hometowns. These activities were also a big part of the March 1st Movement.

Traditionally, alcohol has been placed at the center of peasant community life in Russia. Russian peasant families lived under the control of a village community, which was given power by the regime after the Great Reforms in 1861. On holidays and at family events, peasants gathered and drank heavily as they reconfirmed their unity and solidarity. Heavy drinking and drunkenness were essential parts of community life. 
In the late 19th century, the tsarist regime and upper class became concerned about drinking culture of the people. As modernization and industrialization gained importance, they felt they needed to curb those heavy drinking customs and drunkenness to turn their country and its people into a more civilized society. They thought heavy drinking and drunkenness caused sabotage and led to strikes among the working class. The upper class, especially medical professionals, saw drunkenness as a disease, alcoholism. Through the 19th century, they identified themselves as being not servants for the regime but as independent experts from government professions with scientific medical knowledge from Western Europe. Medical professionals raised their voices to seek a cure and treated alcoholics with drugs, hypnotism, and sanitorium stays, which were all within their own professional area. But these attempts were rejected by the people due to the expensive cost, long duration of treatment, and more essentially, the lack of their drinking culture.

This research aimed to reveal the roles of Severance Hospital during the March 1st Movement that triggered the independence movement. It also focused on the changes at Severance Hospital for short periods before and after the March 1st movement. 
The members of Severance Hospital participated in providing treatment to tortured people and injured people. Most of the patients receiving treatment had gunshot and stab wounds, and surgical treatments were necessary. The pinch skin graft was performed on patients who were flogged, which saved many who had been subjected to floggings that would have otherwise led to death. The members of Severance Hospital contributed to international awareness by publicizing the brutalities of Japanese imperialism abroad. This activity was despite Severance Hospital, a missionary hospital, not presenting political opinions because of being instructed by the missionary board to comply with the rule of separation of church and state. 
At Severance Hospital, the period before the March 1st Movement was considered to be a time to conform to the rule of the Governor-General of Korea (GGK) in order to be accredited by the GGK. The tensions between Severance Hospital and the GGK that had previously been resolved through a policy of appeasement had increased throughout the March 1st Movement. But Severance Hospital faced a difficult situation due to the resignations of full-time Japanese professors and F. W. Schofield's return home. Therefore, Severance Hospital implemented the policy of recruiting qualified Korean professors and supported training aboard for Severance Union Medical School graduates to build a competitive faculty. The policy of recruitment of full-time Japanese professors was abolished, and part-time Japanese instructors only gave lectures on a few subjects.