Purpose Course evaluation scores are usually distorted by several factors related with student, lecture, class environment, and lecturer. The objective of score equating is to remove score distortions such that only pure errors are remained in the adjusted scores.
Methods A multi-layer perceptron neural network is proposed as a score equating tool. The proposed neural network is composed of one input layer, two hidden layers, and one output layer. The performance of the neural network was evaluated comparatively with the stepwise-variable-selection based regression model. The specific factors considered in the analysis include class size, average grade of class students, type of course, type of lecture, class grade point average, and language used. Performance measures used for the comparison were the mean square and the degree of significant difference among levels of each factor, quartile ranges across levels in each factor, and each factor level's average, standard deviation, and interquartile range.
Results The proposed neural network outperforms for all the measures except the quartile ranges across levels in each factor.
Conclusion The results illustrate the validity and the usefulness of the proposed neural network in real applications of course-evaluation score equating.

Purpose Identifying and analyzing potential innovative technologies becomes an imperative task. Especially, finding technology which is currently not dominant but has chance to be innovative in the future, which is called weak signal, is critically important. In response, this study suggests a framework and method to identify weak signal, considering both technological and market aspects.
Methods Firstly, this study defines the characteristic of weak signals. Next, technology and market database is prepared to check technological novelty and market capability. Third, Local Outlier Factor(LOF) is used to identify technology novelty for technological document. When weak signals are identified, market capabilities are checked based on the market documents.
Results Technologies related with autonomous driving technology, autonomous shared car service, and autonomous delivery service using GPS and various sensors are identified as weak signals for promising technologies. Medical technologies are also identified as important signals for future trends of self-driving cars.
Conclusion This study is expected to provide significant implications to the innovation practice in term of providing the framework and method for identifying promising technologies.

Purpose This study is to investigate an advanced approach to analyze the system reliability by integrating Dempster-Shafer Theory (DST) and Intuitionistic Fuzzy Set (IFS) System which assess the quantification of uncertainty caused by vagueness and incompleteness in the reliability information of the component.
Methods The IFS is employed to validate the information of membership function and non-membership function with three intervals that include belief, ignorance and disbelief functions. DST reflects various opinions from the experts in the field, and it is beneficial in decreasing the uncertainty of component reliability using combination rule. In particular, DST is highly applicable when the reliability of fuzzy number in IFS is obscure and lacking the major information.
Results A novel method for analyzing fuzzy system failure was identified based on the proposed system that illustrates the Integrated Body Unit (IBU) consisting of 4 components with 11 parts.
Conclusion In overall, the three types of Triangular Intuitionistic Fuzzy Set (TIFS) with DST rule were implemented for computing Fuzzy system reliability of series structure and the parallel structure attributed to the uncertainty of reliability information.

Purpose This study aims to investigate the relationship between organizational culture characteristics, organizational effectiveness, and management performance in a rapidly changing business environment with trade disputes and the 4th industrial revolution.
Methods The study was conducted in the form of a questionnaire and was based on data collected by 445 workers of Korean SMEs.
Results The results of this study show that the cohesiveness and rationality of organizational culture characteristics have a positive effect on organizational effectiveness, and that stability and development have a positive effect on management performance.
Conclusion In addition, it was found that organizational effectiveness had a positive effect on financial and non-financial performance of management performance, and that organizational effectiveness played a mediating role in the relationship between organizational culture characteristics and management performance.

Purpose This study analyzed the relationship between the user's perceived usefulness, satisfaction, and continuous use intention. Tablet pc usefulness includes relevance, differentiation, performance, and usability.
Methods The usefulness of tablet PCs is assessed by the adoption intent of existing smartphones and tablet PCs. The satisfaction and continuous use intention were evaluated by referring to the evaluation criteria for smartphone users'. We employed two tools - decision tree using GINI index and Bagging technique, and evaluated their performance.
Results The analysis results revealed that significant factors influencing user's satisfaction include differentiation and extendability in usability. The results regarding the intended use were consistent with the findings of previous studies. The Bagging Model showed that the importance of differentiation and scalability were crucial for satisfaction level of tablet PC users, and that the importance of compatibility and work purpose utilization were for continuous use intention.
Conclusion Based on these findings, this study insists that differentiation which had been underrated in former studies should be considered as an important factor for tablet PC users' satisfaction.

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to set a strategic model for localization through a theoretical background of localization, examined the current situation of Korean SMEs' direct investments in the Vietnamese market.
Methods This paper examined the current situation of Korean SMEs' direct investments in the Vietnamese market, the types of business conducted by Korean SMEs, and the trends and characteristics of the business types, and analyzed success and failure cases of localization by Korean SMEs. In addition, this study separately compared and analyzed the aspects of business management functions of localization related to production, sourcing, human resources, marketing, and R&D, which are the elements of the strategic model that set the aforementioned cases, harmonious relations with the local community, and the transfer of the authorities of the head offices to local subsidiaries.
Results According to the results of the analysis of the cases of Korean SMEs, which have entered Vietnam and have been carrying forward business, with regard to the localization of production and sourcing, most of the companies presented as examples established production plants and stores in Vietnam to promote the localization of production and sourcing.
Conclusion Hereafter, for Korean SMEs to remain successful in the Vietnamese market, they should carry out business management that fits the spot, understand the local sociocultural environment and corporate culture, and carry out information exchange with mutual participation of the head office and local subsidiaries in making decisions.

Purpose To make proper decision in the battlefield, information from diverse source must be utilized properly, but the volume of information generated in the battlefield is too large so that commanders may suffer information overload. To overcome this limitation, we propose a framework that automatically calculate the Value of Information (VoI), which is defined as the relative value of information for the specific information user in a certain situation.
Methods In order to calculate the VoI, first of all, the evaluation indicators of VoI have devised as a hierarchical structure and the calculation method of each indicator was specifically developed. Second, we proposed a novel Fuzzy Inference Ontology named ONTFZ which can explicitly represent the entire process of fuzzy inference. Third, we developed VoI assessment process using ONTFZ to calculate appropriate VoI considering the battlefield situation and the commander's context such as mission, rank and request.
Results To prove that the ONTFZ is suitable for VoI calculation in battlefield, an implementation scenario based on a real event was developed. Based on the scenario, the prototype system has been developed and the excellence of this study was demonstrated.
Conclusion In summary, we proposed the concept of ONTFZ and VoI assessment process. In our future work, we will adopt type-2 fuzzy method and data-driven models to VoI assessment process.

Purpose The analysis of the relationship between characteristics of SNS and consumer attitudes towards SNS by consumers of food service industry is a study to derive improvement measures for the industry.
Methods Independent variables in the research model of SNS characteristics are enjoyment, informativity, reliability, and sociality.
Results As a result of the analysis, first of all, the positive influence of independent variables on each purchase has been analyzed from the influence of the SNS characteristics to the degree of purchase. Secondly, from the study on the influence of characteristics of SNS to consumer attitudes in the food service industry, informativity and sociality have a significant positive influence on emotional and cognitive attitudes. Third, emotional attitude and cognitive attitude have a significant positive influence on the degree of purchase in relation to the influence of consumer attitude on the degree of purchase. Fourth, we conducted a multiple regression analysis to understand the mediating effects of consumer attitudes. From the analysis of the moderating effects between emotional and cognitive attitudes of consumers and the impact of informativity and sociality on the degree of purchase, the effect of the emotional and cognitive attitudes of consumer attitude was shown. Fifth, emotional and cognitive attitudes of the consumer attitude characteristics were examined to determine whether the comments played a role in the purchase intention relationship.
Conclusion In hierarchical regression analysis, comments showed a moderating role in the relationship between cognitive attitude and purchase intention.

Purpose This study examines the impact of three innovation drivers on innovation performance of small manufacturers with less than 50 employees, and examines how the government-sponsored factors to support innovation of small firms regulate the impact between innovation drivers and innovation performance.
Methods I looked at An empirical analysis using SPSS 23.0 was conducted on the basis of the survey results collected from 601 companies, which were among the companies participating in the industrial innovation movements, and hierarchical regression analysis was applied.
Results The research results are as follows. First, the three innovation driving factors of a company were found to have a significant positive effect on innovation performance. Second, the government support factor showed a moderating effect on the relationship between the factors related to the innovation promotion company and the financial performance of the innovation activity, but did not show a moderating effect between the factors related to the innovation promotion company and the non-financial performance of the innovation activity.
Conclusion It is important for the CEOs, employees, and system elements of innovation companies to play a positive role in order to improve the performance of innovations promoted by small firms. It was confirmed that preemptive provision would be effective in enhancing innovation performance.

Purpose This paper addresses a problem-solving case study of a method that can prevent serious industrial accidents by discharging hydrogen, which has a very strong flammability and explosive strength, but has recently increased in usage in the semiconductor industry, in a safe state.
Methods It includes the development of HPS (Hydrogen Plasma Treatment System) device that treats hydrogen using FOS (Function Oriented Search), one of TRIZ techniques, and evaluates oxygen and RF power added to the device by the conditional splitting experiment according to the amount of hydrogen. In the renewable energy industry, a key technology for converting greenhouse gas into clean energy using a plasma carbon converter has been developed to convert hydrogen into water vapor by mixing it with oxygen. A split experiment on the three factors, RF Power, hydrogen, and oxygen, which are the control variables, has been conducted to analyze the correlation between each factor and the decomposition rate.
Results From the experiment, it was proven that the lower the hydrogen, the higher the hydrogen-oxygen ratio, and the higher the RF power, the higher the decomposition rate.
Conclusion A large amount of hydrogen can be used by utilizing the HPS device, and it is believed that this will help prevent serious industrial accidents by disassembling and discharging it.